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Lupine publishers | Eye Shape with Respect to Blood Group

 

  Lupine Publishers | Journal of Health Research and Reviews

Abstract

Objectives of the present study were to correlate blood grouping with eye shape. We determined the blood group of the subjects. ABO blood group system determines different types of blood group i-e A, B, AB, and O. Rh system Rh (D) described +ve and –ve suffix after ABO blood type. Then we were interested in determining the eye shape with respect to blood group of subjects. Some subjects have almond shape eyes some have protruding eyes and some have upturned eyes and downturned eyes.

Keywords: Blood Group; Eye Shape; Agglutination; Bulging Eyes

Introduction

Blood group [1] is the distribution of blood based on the presence or absence of antibodies or antigenic substances on the surface of red blood cells. These antigens may be protein, carbohydrate, glycoproteins or glycolipids depending on the blood group system. There are two important blood group systems i-e ABO blood group system and Rh blood group system. ABO blood group system determines blood group A, B, AB, and O. There are two antigens and antibodies responsible for ABO type. Group A has antigen A and antibody B and group B has antigen B and antibody A. while AB group has both A and B antigens and has no antibodies. Blood group O has no antigen and both A and B antibodies. In Rh system Rh (D) [2] described +ve and –ve suffix after ABO blood type. If your blood has protein then Rh is +ve if you lack protein then Rh is –ve. D positive and D negative indicate the presence or absence of Rh antigen D on the surface f red blood cells. Blood group is very important in anthropology, blood transfusion, immunology, genetics, and susceptibility to various diseases. Matching is always done before blood transfusion. If donor and recipients blood does not cross matches then agglutination will occurs.

Human eye is a sense organ which permits vision. Determination of eye shape is very important. There are different shapes of eyes. Protruding eyes are those that bulge or protrude out of their normal position. These eyes are also called bulging eyes. This may be due to disease while some people are born with eyes that bulge out of their normal position. Upturned eyes are of almond shape. In that lower lid looks larger than the top lid. Downturned eyes are the most popular shape. These eyes have a tilt on the outer corner. Eyeliner makes these eyes prettier. Almond shape eyes the most common type is of almond shape. Looks like an almond. So these are the different shapes of the eyes. Objectives of the present study were to correlate blood grouping with eye shape.

Materials and Methods

A total of 173 subjects participated. The subjects were students Bahauddin zakariya in university Multan, Pakistan. We were consent from subjects.

Blood Grouping

First of all, we take three antibodies i-e anti A, anti B, anti D. Anti A is of blue color anti B is of white color and anti D is of yellow color. Then prick your finger and place three drops of blood on your slide. Then we place one drop of anti A, anti B and anti D on the blood sample. Slightly shake the blood sample from the back side of pricking needle. Wait for a minute. If clot form in the A and D then it is A positive. If clot form only in A then it is A negative. If clot form in B and D then it is B positive. If clot forms only in B then it is B negative. If clotting occurs in A,B and D then blood group is AB positive. If occurs only in A and B then it is AB negative. If clotting occurs only in D then blood group is D positive. If clotting do not occurs in any A, B, and D then blood group is O negative.

Project Designing

First of all, we determined the blood group of all subjects. Then we were interested in determining the eye shape with respect to blood group of subjects. Some subjects had almond shape eyes some had protruding eyes and some had upturned eyes and downturned eyes.

Statistical Analysis

Statistical analyses were performed by using MS word.

Result and Discussion

Eye shape with respect to blood grouping is given in chart below. A+ had 15% almond eyes, 2.89% bulging eyes, 0% upturned eyes and 0.57% downturned eyes. A- had 1.15% almond eyes and had 0% bulging, upturned and downturned eyes. B+ had 20.23% had almond eyes, 7.51% bulging eyes, 0.57% upturned eyes, 3.46% downturned eyes. B- had 2.31% almond eyes, 0.57% bulging eyes, and 0% upturned and downturned eyes. AB+ had 5.20% almond eyes, 1.15% bulging eyes and had 0% upturned and downturned eyes. AB- had 0.57% almond eyes and 0% had 0% bulging, upturned and downturned eyes. O+ had 20.80% almond eyes, 9.24% bulging, 0.57 upturned eyes, 1.15% downturned eyes. O- had 2.89% almond eyes, 1.15% bulging eyes, 1.15% upturned eyes, 0.57% downturned eyes (Figure 1). Questionnaire based studies have given prime value in recent researches [3-10]. Wood worked on the eye shape registration and gaze estimation to verify the shape variation in eye region. They modeled eyelid movement using blend shapes for upwards and downwards looking eyelids. They collect models and notice that each exhibits a range of variation in eye shape, skin smoothness, and skin color.

Figure 1: Eye shape with respect to blood group.

Conclusion

It was concluded from the present study that A+ blood group have mostly almond eyes and have no upturned eyes. A- subjects have almond eyes. B+ have also greater number of almond eyes and fewer subjects have upturned eyes. Subject with B- also have greater number of almond eyes. Both AB+ and AB- have maximum almond eyes. Same here O+ and O- have greater number of almond eyes.

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Lupine publishers | Relevance of Blood Grouping with Second Bigger and Smaller Toe of Foot Than Thumb

 

  Lupine Publishers | Journal of Health Research and Reviews

Abstract

Objective of the present study was to co-relate blood grouping with people; who have second bigger and smaller toe of the foot than thumb. A total of 172 subjects participated in the present study. The subjects were students in Bahuddin Zakariya University Multan, Pakistan. To Check blood groups of those subjects, whose were unaware with their blood groups, first sanitize hand, and then carry the procedure to find blood groups of subjects. Then conduct a procedure to check that how many subjects had bigger and smaller second toe of foot than thumb. Blood group had effect with bigger or smaller second toe of foot than thumb.

Keywords: Toe; Sanitize

Introduction

Blood grouping; is a codification of blood on the behalf of presence or absence of antigens on the surface of red blood cells. Antigens are the molecules that can stimulate for the production of antibodies. There are two types of blood group systems: This blood group was discovered by Karl Landsteiner; who found four blood group types in 1900. There are four blood groups; A, B, AB and O. In this specific antigens (antigens A and B) present on the surface of red blood cells. A person having antigen A has blood group A, having antigen B has blood group B, have both antigens A and B person have blood group AB, have no any antigen on the surface of red blood cells then person has blood group O. After birth two types of antibodies produce in the blood serum according to the absence of corresponding antigens [1]. In 1930’s Karl Landsteiner also discovered the Rh Blood Group System. Rh positive and Rh negative are two types of Rh blood group system. These blood groups are distinguished from each other on the basis of Rh factors called antigens. A person have Rh factor have blood group Rh-positive, if a person have no Rh factor then it has blood group Rh- negative [2]. China and India practiced on foot reading for more than 5000 years. People in these countries believed that feet act as a mirror to the rest of the body. People with long second toe are qualitative leaders or commanders and give orders to others. They are ingenious, inventive, and dynamic also can be bossy. People who have bigger second finger of foot; have a tendency to bossy in their relationship and marriage; they naturally show dominance in them. This is only a hypothesis many people believe in this hypotheses. It is totally normal to having a second bigger toe of foot than thumb. That is because the metatarsal connected to the second toe of foot. Objective of the present study was to co relate lymph grouping with people; who had second smaller and bigger toe of the foot than thumb.

Materials and Methods

In present study 172 students participated. The subjects were students in Bahuddin Zakariya University Multan, Pakistan.

Blood Grouping

First subject Sanitized the hand with cleaning reagent; then entered in to laboratory, cut finger from a needle to take blood; then put 3 spots of blood on a slide with a distance. Then put anti A on first spot, anti B on second and anti D(Rh factor, it is either positive or negative) on third spot, otherwise put any antigen (A,B,D) on any spot, but keep in mind only one antigen put on one blood spot. After this, place slide on a shelf for a minute. Precipitation formed on the blood spot. Spot that form a precipitate on putting an antigen that blood group will be present on that blood.

Project Designing

The topic of project was the second toe of the foot; either it is bigger or smaller than the thumb. Then we consent with the subject to ask the questions of the project, first ask blood group of the subject and then ask the project variable. Some students had bigger second toe of foot with different blood groups than the thumb; and some had smaller second toe of the foot.

Statistical Analysis

Microsoft word is used to performed statistical analysis.

Result

Foot have bigger or smaller second toe of foot link with blood group. The observed that 5.81% females had smaller second toe of foot than thumb, with blood group A+; 2.90% males had smaller second toe of foot than thumb with blood group A+. 0.58% males and females had bigger second toe of foot thumb in blood group A-. 17.44% females had bigger second toe of foot thumb in blood group B+. 1.62% males had bigger second toe of foot than thumb, 0.58% females had smaller second toe of foot than thumb in B-. 1.16% males and females both had bigger second toe of foot than thumb in AB+. 0.58% males had smaller second toe of foot than thumb in AB-. 6.97% males had bigger second toe of foot than thumb in O+ blood group. 11.62% females had smaller second toe of foot than thumb in O- (Table 1).

Table 1: Relation of blood grouping with second bigger and smaller toe of foot thumb

Discussion

In resent researches questionnaire based study had an important role [3-10]. Bee Openshaw study on second toe of foot, he wrote that many Indian mothers stopped their sons to get married with girls that had bigger second toe because these types of girls remain so bossy, and people that had smaller second toe of foot remain in trouble for standing up for even themselves.

Conclusion

It is concluded that maximum females have bigger second toe of foot than thumb had blood group B+, and minimum males had blood group A- and O- had smaller second toe of foot than thumb and minimum females had blood group A- and AB- had smaller second fingers of foot than thumb.

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