Wednesday, November 21, 2018

Pre-Diabetes and it’s Associated Risk Factors in Libya: Future Needs for Public Health Care(RRHOAJ)-LupinePublishers






Diabetes mellitus is a major public health problem and is a primary cause of morbidity and mortality.The state incidence has much increased in the last years but with a major ignorance of the state health authorities.Thus, this study was aimed to explore the frequency of pre-diabetes and its associated risk factors among Libyan people. Data was collect from 911 (Males = 426 and Females =  485) non  diabetic  Libyan  residents  to  identify  pre-diabetes  during  2016  and  2017,followed  by risk  assessment questionnaire. Findings indicate that 16.5% of the participants having pre-diabetes and it is higher in females than males. 70% of the cases with pre-diabetes were overweight (37.3% with BMI of 24-28 and 30% with BMI > 28) which were at high risk for developing diabetes. High rate of physical inactivity of the participants was distinguished (75% do not do any active physical activity). This study shows high  incidence  of  pre-diabetes  among  the  Libyan  population.Thus,an  action  for  national  public  health  education  for  an  early diagnosis of pre-diabetes and for a better healthy lifestyle is directly needed.

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Friday, November 16, 2018

Nanotechnology in Phytotherapy: The Effect of Noni’s Nanoemulsion on Bacterial Translocation Induced By Experimental Model of Intestinal Ischemia and Reperfusion (RRHOAJ)-Lupinepublishers






Background:
The study evaluated nano structured extract
Morinda citrifolia L. (Noni) conveyed in enteral form, in an experimental model
of intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), as well as in the prevention of bacterial translocation.
Purpose:
Observe the protective and repairing effect of Noni’s nanoemulsified extract in the presence of induced bacterial translocation, by an experimental model of intestinal ischemia/reperfusion.
Methods and Findings:
The study consisted of 2 groups of 7 animals, where the Controls were treated with 0.9% saline solution (I/R + S)  and  Experimental  group  (I/R  +  Noni)  treated  with  5  mg/ml/Kg  Noni  nanoemulsion,  orally  by  gavage  12h  and  2h  before  the  experiment. In the groups, the superior mesenteric artery was occluded with a vascular micro clamp and the laparotomy reopened 60min. after for pull back the clamp. Treatment response was assessed by blood count, inflammatory markers and biochemical dosages, including a sample of the terminal ileum and hepatic of each animal was harvested, fixed in formalin 10% and included in paraffin and stained with hematoxylin-eosin for morphometric measurement. Measurement of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10 was done. One gram of spleen, liver, and mesenteric lymph nodes were harvested for culture by selective means for Gram (-) and Gram (+) bacteria. ANOVA and the post-hoc Turkey and Student ́s t test were used, considering p<0, 05 as significant.
Conclusion:
 Noni ́s nanoemulsion positively influenced the organic reactions in the presence of intestinal ischemia/reperfusion, reducing the production of pro inflammatory cytokines, bacterial translocation, preventing tissue injury and attenuating the systemic inflammatory response against the experimental model used.


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